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ftp://
ftp address
telnet://
telnet address
gopher://
gopher address
news:
newsgroup (news reader will automatically start)
mailto: mail
software will come up
Telnet: Developed in 1972, allows user of one computer to dial in, connect to, and navigate a round a remote host computer. Primarily used to dial in to library catalogs.
Phoenix Public Library's Catalog
Gopher: developed by Paul Lindner and Mark McCahill at the University of Minnesota in 1991 as a way to distribute campus information to students and Staff.
Basically, web sites without pictures but not as easy to move around as World Wide Web Pages.
Jughead: Used to search for information on gopher Sites.
Veronica: Developed in 1992 at the University of Nevada
None of these are used much any more.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Used to download (transfer files from host computer to client computer) software (including updates, pictures, forms and other information off the Internet). Also used to upload files onto an Internet site. Concept was designed in the 1971 when researcher were mailing computer tapes with information on them to each other. This was a slow process and they wanted to figure out a way to make it go faster. You can download pictures, sound and movie files, forms, original software, updates and patches to software from the internet.
Go to ftp://ftp.digital.com/ for examples of ftp
sites.
Viruses: It is a good idea to get an anti-virus software program (Dr. Solomon, Norton, McAfee just to name a few) so that you can
decrease your chances of infecting your computer when you download something.
Make sure you keep your anti-virus software up to date. The anti-virus software
checks for unscheduled changes in the hard drive, looking at file sizes and
looking out for "signature" virus code. These are indications that you have a
virus.
Viruses are computer software that copy themselves onto a host
computer's hard drive, then execute the commands- anything from displaying
messages to corrupting the hard drive.
There are 3 types of viruses
1.
Traditional: attach themselves to programs.
2. Macro: execute mainly in Word
and Excel documents. When you copy the document you copy the virus. 3. Hoax:
Scares that are spread through e-mail. You cannot get a virus through e-mail.
The only way you can get a regular virus is if you open and execute a file that is
attached to the e-mail message. Viruses are becoming more complex. The best thing to do is not to open any e-mail from someone you don't know. If you get an e-mail from someone you do know with an attachment, make sure you find out from them if it is safe to open the e-mail first. Also, many viruses attach themselves to address books and send the virus to everyone on your list. Virus makers even send them out using real e-mail addresses of other people. Before you open an attachment or any file you've downloaded from a website or chat room make sure you scan
it for viruses.
For more information on viruses go to any anti-virus software
company's web site.
There are also viruses called Worm Viruses. Go here for more information of the types of attacks and viruses and how to prevent them
Archie:(aka Archieplex) Used to search for information on FTP sites. Started in 1990 By Peter Deutsch, Allan Entage, and Bill Heelan at Mcgill.
A good Archieplex site is http://archie.emnet.co.uk/
ftpfind.com/ is a search engine of ftp sites.
A good product is WS-FTP. You can download it from http://www.ipswitch.com/Products/WS_FTP/index.html
It is also good to have Winzip or some other zip software so that you can open zipped files. Zip files are files that have been compressed so that they take up less space on a server. Winzip decompresses them so you can use the files.
Go to Guide to Software Use to find out about the different types of software you can download off the internet. You can also download software from Download.com, ZDNet Software Library. Call for Help's top 10 free downloads. best freeware sitesTo
save a picture, movie, or a sound file
1.put mouse cursor over the picture, or the link to the movie or sound
file.
2.click with right mouse button
3.click on save picture (or link/target)
4.save
To
save a web page
1.go to file, then save as
2.save.
You
must save all pictures, sound files etc. if you want the page to look exactly
the way it does on the web.
To
download a file
1.click on link to file
2.save as (netscape) / save it to disk (internet explorer)
3.save
To install downloaded software
1. Scan the file for viruses.
2. Click on the name of the software file
3. Follow the instructions that the software will give you.
Types
of software
Freeware:
software for public use for free
Shareware:
software you may test for free then purchase it for a fee
Commercial:
software you must purchase
You
may need extra software called add-ons or plug-ins to view some of the files you
access on the Internet.
LEARN THE NET Downloading Files
Copyright and the Internet: It is very important to keep copyright in mind when surfing the net. If you want to take pictures etc. from a site you must have permission from the owner of the site. Sometimes the owner will have a statement that says that it is ok to copy pictures etc. from their site. If they don't you must e-mail them for permission first. Once something is on the net it is automatically copyrighted. This includes things that you find on Mailing Lists and Newsgroups.
Chat: Developed in 1988 by Jarkko Oikarinen software that allows people to talk to each other in "real-time" or "live". Usually special software is needed to do this but some web sites now let people chat without the special software.
Read "Can We Talk?" from PC Novice for more info on chat.
Mirc, Netscape Chat and Microsoft Netmeeting are 3 good IRC software programs. The Palace http://www.thepalace.com/ is another chat software that is fun to use.
You can use software like telephony to talk to other people over modems. This is especially helpful to people who work at home and use their computer to call into work every day (telecommuting) or for video conferences between people. You can also make long distance phone calls using sites like Dialpad.com.
ICQ, Instant Messenger, Trillian, and Yahoo Pager are other chat programs. With these you can only talk to one person at a time. For more information read Chatting About Instant Messengers
Electronic Mail: Developed in 1977. Mail sent from computer to computer via the Internet. Someone can even send postcards and greeting cards via e-mail. You can get junk mail and chain letters via e-mail.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol(SMTP): controls outgoing e-mail messages.
Post Office Protocol(POP): standards for receiving and storing e-mail.
Address Book: stores peoples e-mail addresses.
Attachments: files sent with an e-mail message. It is fun to send an attachment but you need to make sure the person who is receiving it has the same software and the same version of it.
Each mailing software and mail site is different, but generally to send an attachment you click your attach button, look for the file, then click on 'open'. Sometimes then you will click on 'done'.
Signature File: at the end of an e-mail or newsgroup message. They include the person's name, e-mail address, and a quote, message or graphic.
Spaming (Sending Particularly Annoying Messages): junk e-mail sent to large groups of people.
Finger: Part of most e-mail software that allows the user to find a person's e-mail address. There are also e-mail yellow pages that also allows you to find a person's e-mail address.
You can also go to Yahoo's list of Finger Gateways to finger someone's address.
You can go to places like BlueMountain.com or Yahoo Greetings and send electronic greeting cards.
You can also send electronic invitations through places like yahoo.
Listservs and Newsgroups: A collection of people and messages on a particular topic of interest. Listservs (mailing lists) are usually moderated by the person who is in charge of the list. E-mail software is used to read the listserv messages. Newsgroups are usually not moderated by anyone and newsgroup software is used to read the messages.
Listservs, Newsgroups and Chats are also used by classes via the Internet and by support groups.
You can find Listservs in three different ways. Find a web site that deals with the topic you are interested in. They should mention the listservs that deal with your topic and tell you how to join them. The next is to go to a web site by L-soft international, Inc. at http://www.lsoft.com/. The last way is to send a LIST Global e-mail message to a LISTSERV server. For example, type LISTSERV@ASUVM.INRE.ASU.EDU. in the Mail TO field of your message. Leave the Subject field blank. Then in the message area type LIST G/ cats. Then send your message. You will get an e-mail message back from the server listing the names of the lists and how to join them.
Listserv Quick Reference User's Guide
A cheat sheet of Listserv Commands http://www.ume.maine.edu/~cofed/msln/commands.html
Posting: to add a message to a newsgroup.
Lurking: scan messages in a newsgroup without posting to get a feel for what a newsgroup is about and how it operates.
Flaming: a war of mean words between people in a newsgroup.
Header: Title of Message.
Thread: Replies to an original message.
Go to Basic Interaction with Mailing Lists, Publicly Accessable Mailing Lists, news.newusers.questions Official Home Page and, Usenet Info Center Launch Pad for more information on these topics.You can start your own Mailing List by going to egroup's site.
If your provider does not have access to newsgroups or to a particular newsgroup that you want then you can go to Yahoo's Public Access Usenet Sites.
net.TUTOR Online Discussion Groups
Newsgroups: Newsgroups are like listservs, they use the same terminology, they work the same, but use newsreader software not email.
Deja News: (http://www.deja.com) Used to search 15,000 different
Newsgroups. You can also browse newsgroups and start your own newsgroup with
dejanews. Started in 1995 in Austin, Tx.
You can also use Liszt and Tile.net to look for newsgroups, listservs, chat
sites, and ftp sites. You can also use search engines to find these as well.
Bullien Board: Let's a visitor of a site leave messages for other visitors
Newsletters: Like a regular newsletter you get in the mail but you receive it via e-mail instead. Keeps you up to date on the happenings on the group, business, etc.
Multi User Dimensions (MUD's): Game sites. Most popular are Doom and Quake. What are MUDS?
You can play other games as well either by yourself or against other people on the internet.
http://www.shockwave.com/sw/games/
Really Simple Syndication Feed or RSS/XML allows someone to get news, blog, and webpage content without having to use a web browser. They don't show pictures, graphics, or movies though. This is another computer language and you need a special piece of software called a reader to decode it. Go here for more information.
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